Chondral injuries in patients with recurrent patellar dislocation. a systematic review

Background Patellar dislocations in patients presenting with recurrent patellofemoral instability can damage the surrounding structures, limiting patient's participation to recreational activities and quality of life. This study evaluated frequency, location, and extent of associated injuries in patients with recurrent patellar dislocation. Methods This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA checklist. PubMed, Google scholar, Embase, and Web of Science databases were accessed in July 2021. All the published clinical studies reporting frequency, location, and extent of soft tissue lesions in patients with recurrent patellar dislocations were accessed. Results Data from 9 articles (232 patients) were retrieved. The mean age of the included patients was 21.2 +/- 5.6 years. 84.8% of patients suffering from recurrent patellar dislocations demonstrated patellar chondral defects: medial facet (34.9%), while patellar crest (34.8%) and lateral facet (17%). 27.8% of patients demonstrated trochlear chondral injuries. Conclusion Chondral defects of the medial facet and the crest of the patella are the most common in patients with recurrent patellofemoral instability.